Improvement in sand-paper



" made coarse and the other fine.

UNITED STATES ATENT' OFFICE.

JOSEPH G. ISHAM, OF NEW YORK, N. Y. I

IMPROVEM ENT IN SAN D-PAPER.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 5,535, dated April 25,1848.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J osEPiI G. ISHAM, of the city, county, and State ofNew York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Sand, Glass, andEmery Paper for Smoothing and Polishing; and I do hereby declare thatthe following is a full, clear, and exact description of the principleor charactervwhich distinguishes it from all other things before known,and of the manner of making, constructing,

' and using the same. i

- Sand, glass, and emery paper, as heretofore made is covered only onone side the smooth surface of the paper being retained on the otherside. The use of such paper is attended with inconvenience and waste,for the cuttingsurface will adhere to the surface of the wood to besmoothed or polished, while t iand or rubber will slip easily on esmooth paper back, and therefore to avoid this the operator must eithergrasp a portion of the paper in his hand or fold a portion of it arounda rubhing-block, which is, inconsequence, wasted. My improvement in thisarticle of manufacture avoids this waste and inconvenience, and

at the same time presents many advantages of or other cement and thecoating of sand or other substance to the edges of the sheets, that thecoating of both surfaces may unite and form properly-rounded edges wellcovered. The glue or cement and sand or other reducing or polishingsubstance may be laid on in any appropriate manner desired, whether byhand or by machinery. If desired, one face may be Paper thus prepared isnot only made cheaper by giving double the amount of polishing-surfacefor the same amount of paper used, and with but a fraction more labor inthe manufacture, but it is stifi'er by reason of having both surfacescoated; will adhere to the workmans hand or to a rubber with one face,with the other acts on the material to be polished, thus avoiding thewaste occasioned in the use of the old kind by the necessity of graspingor folding it to obtain the required hold will affordto the workman theadvantage in the same piece of a sharp new face on one side and apartlyworn face on the other, or one face coarse and the other fine,thus constituting what may be termed a tool, which, by simply reversing,will enable him to reduce and polish, instead of using two or more kindsof paper; and, in addition to all this, by reason of the well-coverededges and the greater stiffness, he can operate in angles, recesses,slots, grooves, 850., where the edge and one or both faces canactoperations which cannot be performed with the common sand or glasspaper, for by doubling the single sand, &c., paper the edge will bebroken.

Having thus pointed out the defects of the sand or polishing paperheretofore made and used, the nature of my invention, and the mostprominent of the advantages of my improvement, what I claim as myinvention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

Gluing or otherwise cementing sand, glass,

emery, or other'redueing or polishing surface onto both sides of sheetsof paper, substantially as herein described, whereby the coating on bothsides will unite and form wellrounded edges, and thus produce what maybe termed a reducing or polishing tool, presenting the advantages ofgreater cheapness and durability, and better adaptation to the variouskinds of work to be done, and at the same time economizing the time ofthe operator, as herein described.

J. G. ISHAM.

Witnesses:

I A. P. BURNETT, JOHN NORTON.

